Tuesday, January 29, 2013

Excerpts from President Barack Obama's 2nd Inaugural Address

I handed out a transcript of President Obama's Second Inaugural address to my high school geography students last week, and this week we are going to work through the elements of American identity within the document. To that end, I have prepared a handout with the lines I am most interested in placed together. The quotations are arranged sequentially, and each address some aspect of how President Obama see America and its role in the world. The only bit of commentary I will add is that he refers early on to a creed which we all share. It seems valid, and helpful, to read through this handout looking for the tenets of the President's creed, and what those who share it should do in response. Please share your thoughts! I would love to get a conversation about American identity branching from this speech.


All quotations taken from President Barack Obama’s 2nd Inaugural Address, in sequential order
Josh Herring, compiler, 1/29/13

“…what binds this country together is not the colors of our skin or the tenets of our faith or the origins of our names. What makes us exceptional – what makes us American – is our allegiance to an idea, articulated in a declaration made more than two centuries ago…”

“…we continue a never-ending journey, to bridge the meaning of those words with the realities of our time.”

…”we have never relinquished out skepticism of central authority, nor have we succumbed to the fiction that all society’s ills can be cured through government alone. Our celebration of initiative and enterprise; our insistence on hard work and personal responsibility, these are constants in our character.”

“…when times change, so must we; that fidelity to our founding principles requires new responses to new challenges; that preserving our individual freedoms ultimately requires collective action.”

…”we possess all the qualities that this world without boundaries demands: youth and drive; diversity and openness; an endless capacity for risk and a gift for reinvention. My fellow Americans, we are made for this moment and we will seize it…”

“For we, the people, understand that our country cannot succeed when a shrinking few do very well and a growing many barely make it.

We believe that America’s prosperity must rest upon the broad shoulders of a rising middle class.

We know that America thrives when every person can find independence and pride in their work; when the wages of honest labor liberate families from the brink of hardship.

We are true to our creed when a little girl born into the bleakest poverty knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American, she is free, and she is equal, not just in the eyes of God but also in our own.”

“…our purpose endures: a nation that rewards the effort and determination of every single America…That is what will give real meaning to our creed.”

We, the people, still believe that every citizen deserves a basic measure of security and dignity…But we reject the belief that America must choose between caring for the generation that built this country and investing in the generation that will build its future…We do not believe that in this country, freedom is reserved for the lucky, or happiness for the few…The commitments we make to each other – through Medicare, and Medicaid, and Social Security – these things do not sap our initiative; they strengthen us. They do not make us a nation of takers; they free us to take the risks that make this country great.”

“America will remain the anchor of strong alliances in every corner of the globe…for no one has a greater stake in a peaceful world than its most powerful nation. We will support democracy from Asia to Africa; from the Americas to the Middle East, because our conscience compel[s] us to act on behalf of those who long for freedom.”

…”we must be a source of hope to the poor, the sick, the marginalized, the victims of prejudice – not out of mere charity, but because peace in our time requires the constant advance of those principles that our common creed describes: tolerance and opportunity; human dignity and justice.”

“We, the people, declare today that the most evident of truths – that all of us are created equal – is the star that guides us still; just as it guided our forebears through Seneca Falls, and Selma, and Stonewall; just as it guided all those men and women sung and unsung, who left footprints along this great Mall, to hear a preacher say we cannot walk alone; to hear a King proclaim that our individual freedom is inextricably bound to the freedom of every soul on earth.”

“It is now our generation's task to carry on what those pioneers began. For our journey is not complete until our wives, our mothers, and daughters can earn a living equal to their efforts.
Our journey is not complete until our gay brothers and sisters are treated like anyone else under the law – for if we are truly created equal, then surely the love we commit to one another must be equal as well.
Our journey is not complete until no citizen is forced to wait for hours to exercise the right to vote.
Our journey is not complete until we find a better way to welcome the striving, hopeful immigrants who still see America as a land of opportunity; until bright young students and engineers are enlisted in our workforce rather than expelled from our country.
Our journey is not complete until all our children, from the streets of Detroit to the hills of Appalachia to the quiet lanes of Newtown, know that they are cared for, and cherished, and always safe from harm.”
“That is our generation’s task – to make these words, these rights, these values – of Life, and Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness – real for every American. Being true to our founding documents does not require us to agree on every contour of life; it does not mean we all define liberty in the exact same way, or follow the same precise path to happiness.”
“Let each of us now embrace, with solemn duty and awesome joy, what is our lasting birthright. With common effort and common purpose, with passion and dedication, let us answer the call of history, and carry into an uncertain future that precious light of freedom.”

Thursday, January 17, 2013

A Reflection on Radical Islam


This year I have entered the world of teaching. From a connection at church I learned of an opportunity to teach at a local homeschool co-op in Raleigh, and began teaching Global Geography in September. Yesterday we covered a broad survey of African history, culminating in the sweep of Islamic forces through Christian North Africa. The coming of Islam in 639 under military commander Ibn Al-Asi led to the slaughter of thousands of Christians and the preeminence of Islam in Northern Africa today.

With this background, perhaps you will understand my fascination with this morning’s headlines regarding a hostage crisis in Algeria. Supposedly in retaliation for French government support of the Mali government in the wake of last week’s terrorist attacks (by another Islamic group), Algerian Mohktar Belmohktar organized a takeover of an oil facility in the Sahara desert. He currently has approximately 340 hostages from multiple nations including the UK, USA, Japan, and Algerian nationals (per the BBC). Islamic terrorism has become almost a mainstay of the last two generations, and I want to offer a way to understand this phenomenon.

1979 witnessed the takeover of Iran by radical Islam. In 2001, a trans-national terrorist group launched a successful attack on US soil, a feat unperformed since the Japanese bombing on Pearl Harbor. Today in 2013 a spin-off of Al-Queda has claimed responsibility for the terrorist attacks in Mali and a different group has gained control of the oil facility in Algeria. The United States government has been engaged in a war on terror, and those terrorists have frequently belonged to a radical strand of Islamic faith. Like all who write on Islam, permit me to distinguish radical Muslims  from moderates. This distinction lies in how Muslims interpret the demands of jihad. Literally translated, the words means “struggle.” But struggle against what? Moderate Muslims would understand Jihad as a perennial struggle against personal unrighteousness, and the path to victory lies in following the demands of the Koran. Radical Muslims, however, interpret jihad as a struggle against the unrighteousness of the world, against the infidel. Just as the Muslims of the 7th century practiced a “Convert or die!” strategy of warfare, so modern jihadists seek to convert the world to the true faith through acts of violence testifying to the truth of their convictions.

What are we to make of these jihadists who sincerely believe that their actions are right and good? First, we must understand the draw of such groups. Cultural philosopher Richard Weaver wrote that all cultures are formed around a “tyrannizing image.” Rather than the negative implications of tyranny, with this phrase Weaver sought to invoke the idea of a centrifugal force which draws all things towards itself. He contended in Visions of Order that all cultures are ways of people relating to each other being draw together by such an image. For the Christian, the tyrannizing image is that of the cross. All Christians are bound together in a culture by the centrality of the cross. Remove the death and resurrection of Christ and you have removed the central controlling truth of the Christian faith. Radical Muslims are not motivated by money, power, or geopolitical control (though these ideas may exist on the periphery). The central dominating image of Islam is found in their creed, “There is no god but Allah, and Mohammed is his Prophet!” If this idea is true, then all other faiths must yield before it and it is the duty of believers to spread the truth. This first step towards understanding Islamic terrorism, therefore, lies in recognizing them as true believers with a powerful tyrannizing image.

Where then does that leave us as American Christians? Understanding radical Islam as centered on an absolute truth which condemns all other truths gives us both something to admire and something to mourn. There is something within the human soul which cries out for faith, for certainty, for that which cannot be questioned. Muslims answer this cry with faith in Islam. We can admire the certainty, and recognize the flow from belief to action. If they do possess the truth, then all other claims are lies and people world-wide have been dreadfully deceived.

However, while we can appreciate the sincerity of Islamic radicals, we must mourn the lie which they have believed. Countless Disney movies and other artifacts of American culture over the past decade have proclaimed the idea “Just believe in something!” The idea of faith, just faith with no specified object, is a frequent trope of many Christmas movies. In radical Islam we see men who have found a faith to believe in and which they carry to its logical end. Yet they are wrong. We cannot ignore the fact that the faith they have believed in is the wrong answer to life’s questions. They have missed the reality of God’s true and final work in the person of Jesus Christ, of His special revelation in the Bible, and his ongoing redemption of the world through the church.

 For non-Christians reading this, I would urge you to consider the different fruits born by the logical extension of both faiths. Christianity contains a missionary impulse which has given rise to the modern medical movement (with Christians carrying out the mandate of Christ to care for the sick), the imperative to care for the poor, and the modern education system. The educated extremists of the Christian faith have been monastics, bishops, pastors, and missionaries. In contrast, the radical Islam in both Iran (Kahmaini) and Saudi Arabia (the royal family), has produced cultures marked by oppressive legalism, restrictions on human nature, repression of women, and continued adherence to one of the strictest legal codes of the Ancient Near East (beheadings, torture, and stoning to name three current examples from Saudi Arabia). The extremists of Islam have dedicated to spreading the Islamic faith not by persuasion but through violence and threat of death. Rather than an ethos of redeeming the world, Islam results in the enslavement of mankind to a demonic system which claims to be the true hope of men.

How then ought we to respond to events like the bombings in Mali or the taking of hostages in Algeria? First, we ought to pray for God to deliver the captives. Secondly, we should pray for the salvation of the captors. They are men most sincerely deceived. Finally, we must understand that these are not men operating from superficial motivations but that these actions flow from deep convictions of the soul.